While the financial mechanism and the need to mobilize financial resources were at the forefront of delegates’ deliberations, the resumed session saw the adoption of other decisions vital to the realization of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework’s goals and targets.

Advancing sustainability solutions to climate challenges faced by hot and arid countries, the Earthna Summit 2025 will explore resilience to water scarcity, harnessing AI for smarter governance, and how the tradition-technology nexus can address food insecurity, among other issues.

Preparing for the entry into force of the BBNJ Agreement, delegates addressed the nuts and bolts that will guide its orderly implementation, including rules of procedure, arrangements for the Secretariat, funding, arrangements with the Global Environment Facility and operationalization of the Clearing-House Mechanism.

Participants reflected on how to achieve urgent tasks—such as obtaining sufficient ratifications to enable the entry into force of the Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies under the WTO and of the Agreement on Marine Biodiversity in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction—and how to ensure these global instruments deliver on their ambitious objectives.